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Politician – Lawyer<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n O <\/span><\/span>Harold Washington, (born April 15, 1922, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.-died November 25, 1987, Chicago), American politician who became nationally known as the first African-American mayor of Chicago (1983-87).<\/span><\/p>\n During World War II, Washington joined the Army and served as an engineer in the South Pacific. After returning home in 1946, he graduated from Roosevelt University (bachelor’s degree, 1949), earned a law degree from Northwestern University (1952), and established a private law practice in Chicago. He succeeded his father, a part-time Methodist minister, as Democratic precinct captain before serving as city attorney (1954-58) and state labor arbitrator (1960-64). He then served in the Illinois House of Representatives (1965-76), the Illinois State Senate (1976-80), and the U.S. House of Representatives (1980-83).<\/p>\n During his second term in Congress, Washington was persuaded by black leaders to enter the 1983 Chicago mayoral race. Overcoming negative publicity-in 1970 his law license was suspended for not providing paid legal work and in 1972 he spent more than a month in jail for not filing his federal tax returns for four years-and campaigning for reform and ending the city’s patronage, he won the Democratic nomination by ousting incumbent Mayor Jane Byrne and Richard M. Daley, son of four- term mayor Richard J. Daley. In the general election, Washington narrowly defeated Bernard Epton, a virtually unknown white Republican, in a record-breaking election that had racial overtones.<\/p>\n Washington was often unable to implement his programs during his first term because the opposition on the City Council controlled a majority of the council’s 50 seats. After a court ruled that the boundaries of several wards violated the law by denying minorities the right to vote, new elections in those wards finally gave him control of the council in 1986. The following year he was easily re- elected for a second term, even though he had pushed through an unpopular $70 million property tax increase. Washington died in office seven months later.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" [vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1669988852774{margin-top: 10px !important;margin-left: 100px !important;}” woodmart_css_id=”638a01ea4a09e” parallax_scroll=”no” woodmart_sticky_column=”false” wd_collapsible_content_switcher=”no” wd_column_role_offcanvas_desktop=”no” wd_column_role_offcanvas_tablet=”no” wd_column_role_offcanvas_mobile=”no” wd_column_role_content_desktop=”no” wd_column_role_content_tablet=”no” wd_column_role_content_mobile=”no” mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9481","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9481","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9481"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9481\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9484,"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9481\/revisions\/9484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/heptapolis-finearts.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9481"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Biography<\/span><\/h3>\n